考虑弱势群体疏散行为特征的高层住院楼疏散仿真及优化

为有效提高高层住院楼内人员安全疏散效率，选取某综合医院高层住院楼为研究对象，重点考虑高层住院楼内弱势群体疏散行为特征，结合视域分析法对住院楼内部空间进行适弱化分析，应用AnyLogic软件对建筑内部人员开展多情景疏散仿真。结果表明，进行紧急疏散时，建筑内的空间布局会诱使疏散压力集中在建筑内某一区域；依据住院楼内人员的生理和行为特征进行分类，将不同类别人员组合并进行分梯疏散，最优方案下整体疏散效率提高了15.95%。可见考虑弱势群体的疏散行为特征，对人员进行合理的分组分梯疏散能有效提高高层住院楼整体疏散效率。

Simulation and optimization of evacuation of high-rise inpatient buildings considering evacuation behavior characteristics of vulnerable groups

In order to effectively improve the evacuation efficiency of personnel in a high-rise inpatient building, a high-rise inpatient building of a general hospital was selected as the research object, focusing on the evacuation behavior characteristics of the vulnerable groups in the high-rise inpatient building, combining with the visual field analysis method to analyze the internal space of the inpatient building for vulnerability, and applying AnyLogic software to carry out multi-scenario evacuation simulation of the personnel inside the building. The results show that the spatial layout of the building will induce the evacuation pressure to be concentrated in a certain area of the building when the emergency evacuation is carried out; the overall evacuation efficiency is improved by 15.95% under the optimal scheme by combining different categories of people and evacuating them in separate staircases according to the classification of the physiological and behavioral characteristics of the people in the inpatient building. It can be seen that considering the evacuation behavioral characteristics of the vulnerable groups, the overall evacuation efficiency of the high-rise inpatient building can be effectively improved by reasonably dividing the personnel into separate ladders for evacuation.