高等植物脂肪酸去饱和酶及编码基因研究进展

生物膜是细胞、细胞器与外界环境连接的界面,是温度胁迫伤害发生的原初位点。细胞膜脂不饱和脂肪酸含量和组分是影响生物膜相变的主要因素,进而影响植物在温度胁迫下的抗性。脂肪酸去饱和酶是脂肪酸代谢过程中的关键酶,调节细胞膜中脂肪酸的含量和组分。笔者根据脂肪酸去饱和酶在催化反应中的先后顺序将其分为3类,分别阐述这3类脂肪酸去饱和酶与温度胁迫下植物适应性的关系,综述了近年来国内外脂肪酸酶去饱和酶及编码基因的克隆、功能鉴定、表达调控等方面的研究进展,对应用基因工程技术培育出温度抗性较强植物品种的研究进行了展望。

Progress of research on fatty acid desaturase and their coding genes in higher plant

Biologic membrane is a structural interface between plant cell,organelle and surrounding environment.Biologic membrane was regarded as the initial position which suffered under temperature stress.The contents and compositions of unsaturated fatty acid in plant membrane is the main factor that affects the biologic membrane transformation,and then influence the resistance to temperature stress.Fatty acid desaturase are the key enzymes during the synthesis of fatty acid,which regulate the contents and compositions of fatty acid in plant membrane.Fatty acid desaturase were classified into three groups according to the order of catalysis in this paper.The authors illustrated the relationship between these groups of fatty acid desaturase and temperature stress resistance.Overviewed the research advances on gene cloning,function identification and expression regulation of fatty acid desaturase.