人与河流和谐发展

人类为了社会经济发展的需要,不断加大对河流的开发利用和改造力度,并引发了河流自身和周边环境的一系列问题.中国近几十年来以空前的速度和规模进行水利建设,虽取得了巨大效益,但也在一定程度上影响了河流的自然功能和永续利用.为了引起人们对此问题的高度重视,首先从河流的形成和发展、河流的自然功能、河流的基本特征等方面阐释了河流自身的发展规律,然后论述了人类活动和河流演变的相互影响,最后针对中国河流的现状和问题,指出:必须落实科学发展观,坚持人与河流和谐发展,并且要研究和处理好总体要求和区别对待方面的问题,保证生态和环境需水方面的问题以及河流开发、利用、保护和管理过程中出现的一些问题.

Harmonious development of humanity and rivers

The excessive development,utilization and reconstruction of rivers for promoting economic and social development have brought about a series of problems on rivers themselves and surrounding environment.In China,water conservancy construction on large scale has been performed in past decades,and tremendous benefits have been achieved.Meanwhile,it has also resulted in some negative influences on natural function and sustainable utilization of rivers,and it is necessary to pay much attention to this issue.From this angle,the regularity of river evolution was expounded from aspects of formation and evolution of rivers,their natural functions and basic features,and the interaction between human activities and river evolution was also discussed.In consideration of the current situation and some main problems on rivers in China,some countermeasures were proposed,including implementing the scientific view on development,persisting in the harmonious development of humanity and rivers,and paying much attention to the following aspects: i.e.overall requirement and individual treatment,assurance of ecological and environmental water demand, and a series of problems in river development,utilization,protection,and management.