我国及广西的酸雨

我国从60年代起就开展了对部分地区降雨水质的测定。1982年进行全国普查的结果,我国的酸雨分布是南方和沿海地区比较严重。到目前为止,见诸报道的一次降雨 PH 值最低为2.1。广西从1981年开始监测酸雨,酸雨最严重的是柳州市,1986年柳州市的酸雨频率为95.1%,PH 最低值为3.06。我国酸雨主要是局地性硫污染所造成的。已有对金属材料、建筑物、文物古迹和农林植物造成损害的报道。大气污染(包括酸雨)引起的经济损失据估算1980年全国为40.6—53.4亿元,1985年广西为3千万元,1986年柳州市和合山市各为1千万元。酸雨对植物的直接损害阀值为 PH3.0。叶菜类比其他植物敏感。酸雨后两小时内喷水淋冼可减轻甚至完全消除酸雨的损害。加强对我国酸雨现状的调查研究及其发展趋势的预测,寻求防治对策,将是一件必要而又繁重的任务。

THE ACID RAIN IN CHINA AS WELL AS IN GUANGXI

As early as in 1980s,our country began to measure the water quality of rain in some areas of the country.According to the results of the general investigation of the whole country in 1982,the acid rain is more severe in the south and coastal areas.It has been reported that the lowest PH value of acid rain was 2.1.In Guangxi monitoring rain acidity was began to carry out from 1981.The most severe area is Liuzhou.In 1986 its frequency and the lowest PH value of acid rain were 95.1% and 3.06 respectively.
The acis rain in china is due to the local pollution of sulfur.It has been reported that the acid rain damages the metal materials,buildings,historical relies and plants.The economical lose of the whole country induced by the air pollution(including acis rain) ranges from 40.6 to 53.4 hundred milliom yuan in 1985,and Liuzhon and Heshan were 10 milliom yuan in 1986 respectively.
The threshold of direct damage of acid rain on plants is PH 3.0.Vegetables are more sensitive than the other plants.Spaying plants with water within 2 hours after the plants exposed to acid rain may eliminate the damage Significantly.
It is a necessary and heavy task to strengthen the investigation of acid-rain''s current situation and its forecast of developmental tendancy.