金属材料点蚀缺陷的无损检测方法综述

点蚀缺陷会直接影响金属材料的使用性能与服役寿命,对其进行有效的无损检测与评估为预测疲劳寿命提供数据支撑具有重要意义。通过阐述点蚀缺陷的特点,指出了点蚀缺陷参数与疲劳性能之间的对应关系。通过介绍以漏磁、脉冲涡流和超声导波为主的点蚀缺陷无损检测基本原理,总结了这些方法用于点蚀缺陷无损检测的现状,对比分析了多种无损检测方法从理论模型、信号分析到工业应用的关键环节。通过分析点蚀缺陷检测时不同无损检测方法在信号处理方面的特殊性,指出了点蚀缺陷的可视化成像结合图像处理与信号分析是准确提取点蚀缺陷信息和定量化分析的关键基础问题,积极开展非接触式点蚀无损检测方法研究对提升检测精度与工业应用推广具有重要意义。

Research process of nondestructive testing pitting corrosion in metal material

Pitting corrosion directly affects the usability and service life of metal material, so the effective nondestructive testing and evaluation on pitting corrosion is of great significance for fatigue life prediction because of data supporting. The features of pitting corrosion are elaborated, and the relation between the pitting corrosion parameters and fatigue performance is pointed out. Through introducing the fundamental principles of pitting corrosion including mainly magnetic flux leakage inspection, pulsed eddy current and guided waves, the research status of nondestructive testing technology for pitting corrosion is summarized, and the key steps of nondestructive testing technologies are compared and analyzed from the theoretical model, signal processing to industrial applications. Based on the analysis of the signal processing specificity of different nondestructive testing technologies in detecting pitting corrosion, the visualization combined with image processing and signal analysis are indicated as the critical problems of accurate extraction of pitting defect information and quantitative characterization for pitting corrosion. The study on non-contact nondestructive testing technologies is important for improving the detection precision and its application in industries.