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Ten cities cross-sectional questionnaire survey of children asthma and other allergies in China |
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| Authors: | YinPing Zhang BaiZhan Li Chen Huang Xu Yang Hua Qian QiHong Deng ZhuoHui Zhao AnGui Li JiaNing Zhao Xin Zhang Fang Qu Yu Hu Qin Yang Juan Wang Ming Zhang Fang Wang XiaoHong Zheng Chan Lu ZhiJian Liu YueXia Sun JinHan Mo YiLi Zhao Wei Liu TingTing Wang Dan Norbäck Carl-Gustaf Bornehag Jan Sundell |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China 2. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China 3. School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China 4. College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China 5. School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China 6. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China 7. School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China 8. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, China 9. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China 10. Research Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China 11. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China 12. School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China 13. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital and Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751, Sweden 14. Public Health Sciences, Karlstad University, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Uppsala, SE-751, Sweden |
| Abstract: | Asthma, rhinitis and eczema (allergic or non-allergic) have increased throughout the world during the last decades, especially among children. Changes in the indoor environment are suspected to be important causes. China has experienced a dramatic change in indoor environmental exposures during the past two decades. However, such changes and their associations with children’s asthma and other health aspects have not been thoroughly studied. China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH), Phase I, was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 48219 children 1–8 years old in 10 Chinese cities during 2010–2012. The questionnaire includes the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core health questions and additional questions regarding housing, life habits and outdoor environment. In health analyses, children aged 3–6 years old were included. The prevalences of doctor diagnosed asthma varied from 1.7% to 9.8% (mean 6.8%), a large increase from 0.91% in 1999 and 1.50% in 2000. The prevalence of wheeze, rhinitis and atopic eczema (last 12 months) varied from 13.9% to 23.7%, 24.0% to 50.8% and 4.8% to 15.8%, respectively. Taiyuan had the lowest prevalences of all illnesses and Shanghai the highest, except for wheezewhere the highest value was for Urumqi. We found (1) no obvious association between disease prevalences and ambient PM10 concentrations and (2) higher prevalences of disease in humid climates with hot summers and cold winters, but with no centrally heated buildings. Associations between the diseases and economic status as indexed by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) requires further study. |
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