高山麝病原性阿尔伯蒂埃希氏杆菌（Escherichia albertii）的发现

麝是古北界的特有种和我国一级保护动物，具有相当重要的经济价值和物种保护价值.幼麝的高死亡率，特别是由腹泻或肠炎所引起的死亡已经严重地影响着中国养麝业的发展.从甘肃兴隆山养麝场死于消化道疾病的高山麝(Moschus chrysogaster)的肠道内容物中分离出了病原性的肠杆菌.基于形态学、生理生化特征及16SrRNA基因序列的种系遗传学综合分析鉴定其为阿尔伯蒂埃希氏杆菌（Escherichia albertii）.对该菌进行抗生素敏感性检测，结果表明，其对不同的抗生素有不同的敏感性，这可能是麝长期经受少数几种固定的抗生素（如青霉素、四环素）治疗，细菌产生抗性而使抗生素失效所致.建议麝场定期对肠杆菌进行分离、鉴定,选用具有针对性的菌株制作菌苗,配以敏感的药物、中草药添加剂和良好的卫生措施,以控制埃希氏杆菌疾病的发生.

Pathogenic Escherichia Albertii Discovered in the Alpine Musk Deer (Moschus chrysogaster) in China

Musk deer (Moschus spp.) are peculiar to the Palearctic and of considerable value worldwide.The high mortality-rate of fawns,especially caused by diarrhea or enteritis,has severely hindered the development of Chinese musk deer farming.In this study,two strains of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the intestinal contents of an Alpine Musk Deer (Moschus chrysogaster) which died from digestive diseases at Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm,Gansu Province,China.They were identified as strains of Escherichia albertii,based on an integrated analysis of morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as phylogenetics of genetic sequences 16SrRNA.The results of antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the sensitivities of the bacteria to different antibiotics varied.This might have resulted from the animal’s long treatment for colibacillosis by a fixed set of antibiotics,including penicillin G and tetracycline,which might have lost efficacy because of bacterial resistance.A feasible approach to controlling colibacillosis in future would be alternative use of antibiotics combined with other preventive measures.