运动干预脑衰老：新进展与再认识

 随着人口老龄化的日益严峻,衰老及其带来的多种慢性疾病已成为亟待解决的社会问题。综述了脑衰老发病的复杂生物学机制,包括胶质细胞激活及炎症反应、氧化应激损伤、干细胞耗竭、DNA修复损伤、线粒体功能障碍等机制的研究进展;总结了近些年来运动与脑健康领域出现的新方法,包括表观遗传学、外泌体、肠道菌群、运动因子、异体共生、组学分析等的研究和应用;提出了运动干预脑衰老从基础到临床转化的可行性思考。

Exercise intervention of brain aging: New progress and revisit

The aging and the chronic diseases caused by the aging are an urgent social problem in facing the ever increased aging population. This paper reviews the complex biological mechanisms of the brain aging:the glial cell activation and the inflammatory response, the oxidative stress damage, the stem cell depletion, the DNA repair damage, the mitochondrial dysfunction and other related issues. The emerging methods in the field of the exercise and the brain health in recent years include the research and applications of the epigenetics, the exosomes, the intestinal flora, the exercise factors, the allogeneic symbiosis, and the omics analysis. In the meantime, it is suggested that the aging is not a disease, and it is proposed to pay attention to the problem of the exercise pills and the feasibility of the transformation from basic to clinical of the exercise intervention of the brain aging. In the future, it would be a challenging task for scientists and exercise professionals to explore and develop precise exercise prescriptions for delaying the brain aging.