具有不确定参数的温度传感器的动态相对校准(英文)

存在动态偏差情况下的传感器校准,与多个传感器的相对校准类似.实现相对校准对许多控制问题都很重要,比如需要产生精确温度梯度的问题、保持均匀与稳定温度场的问题.本文以温度传感器为例,对静态(稳态)校准与动态校准从理论和实验两个角度进行了对比.动态校准的一个优势是其适用于任何测量数据,但其需要建立一个测量仪器的动态模型.尽管本文只研究了一个由三个传感器构成的简单设备,但其结果也适用于更复杂的情况.这正是因为动态校准的另一个显著优势,即其能在任何设备上进行校准,校准的一个前提是所用的动态模型与传感器具有相同的阶次.本文证明了可辨识性(可校准性)条件,并通过以迭代方式求解一个非线性加权最小二乘问题,实现了校准.对解的收敛性、一致性和渐近效率,不但给予了理论证明,且通过蒙特卡罗模拟实验进行了验证.

Dynamic and relative calibration of temperature sensors in the case of uncertain parameters

The paper addresses sensor bias calibration when only differential bias is of interest as in relative calibration of different sensors.Temperature sensors are considered.Relative calibration is of interest in control problems where precise thermal gradients must be generated,or uniform and stable temperatures must be guaranteed.Static(or steady-state) and dynamic calibration are compared both theoretically and experimentally.Dynamic calibration has the advantage of employing any available measurement,but requires that a suitable dynamic model of the calibration equipment be available.A simple equipment with three sensors is considered in the paper,but the results can be extended to more complex ones.As a further advantage,calibration can be performed on any apparatus with the constraint(used in the paper) that the dynamic model is of the same order as the sensor size.Identifiability conditions are proved.Calibration is obtained through a nonlinear weighted least squares problem,which is solved in an iterative way.Convergence,consistency and asymptotic efficiency are proved and verified with Monte Carlo simulations.