我国一般抵押权的体系构建——以抵押物转让的效力考察为视角

《担保法》第49条第1款限制了不动产抵押人的处分权利，但是其限制动产抵押人处分权利的做法是朝着正确的方向前进。《物权法》第191条第2款承认了抵押权及效力，但是就动产抵押而言则是一种退步。未进行任何理论创建而统一规定动产抵押与不动产抵押是上述矛盾的根源。将动产抵押从《物权法》中剥离出来制订一个特别法，将导致物权法重大的修改，或是将动产抵押的标的物范围限制至特殊动产，则过于狭小的适用范围将严重减损动产抵押制度的意义．其实动产抵押与不动产抵押存在共同的基础，即抵押人处分权受限制，并且抵押权追及力本身即已包含善意判断，基于此理论可对《物权法》进行最小的修改，从而维系一般抵押权体系。

On the Construction of the General Mortgage System in China——From the Perspective of Mortgage Recourse

The first paragraph of Article 49 of the Guarantee Law limits mortgagor＇s right of disposition, while its limitation on chattel mortgagor＇s right of disposition is heading for the right direction. The second paragraph of Article 191 of the Property Law recognizes the mortgage recourse, while its provision on chattel mortgage is rather a regress. The foregoing contradiction lies in the uniform regulation on chattel mortgage and mortgage in the absence of a theory. To separate chattel mortgage from the Property Law and draft a specific law would lead to a big revision of the Property Law. Or, if the subject matter of chattel mortgage is limited to special ones, the limited scope of application would greatly reduce the significance of chattel mortgage system. As a matter of fact, chattel mortgage shares a common basis with mortgage, i. e. the limited disposition right of a mortgagor and the mortgage recourse which includes a goodwill judgment in itself. Therefore, a minutest revision in the Property Law is possible to maintain the system of general mortgage.