Canonical framework for multi-channel SAR-GMTI

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems have become an important tool for fine-resolution mapping and other remote sensing operations.The multi-channel SAR ground moving-target indication (GMTI) must process its data to produce not only the image of surveillance area but also the information of the ground moving-targets.The topic of moving-target detection in clutter has been extensively studied,and there are many methods that are used to detect moving targets,such as displaced phase center antenna (DPCA) method,along-track interfero-metric (ATI) phase,space-time adaptive processing (STAP),or some other metrics.A canonical framework is proposed that encompasses all the multi-channel SAR-GMT methods,namely,DPCA and ATI.The statistical test metric for multi-channel SAR-GMTI is established in a simple form,via the definition of the complex central Wishart distribution,to deduce the statistics of the test metric,and the probability distribution of the test metric for multichannel SAR-GMTI has the complex central Wishart distribution of 1×1 case,namely the x2 distribution.The theory foundation offers the possibility to construct the united multi-channel SAR-GMTI detector,and derives the constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector tests for separating moving targets from clutter.