基于环境伦理的武威市水资源的开发与利用

环境伦理是发达国家取得环境治理成效的重要手段之一,也是我国当前环境治理中比较薄弱的环节.环境伦理学是人类社会的行为的范式,用以调节人们的行为,只有建立良好的环境伦理道德观念,将环境伦理道德内化为环境保护的动力,才能解决好环境保护和资源可持续开发与利用的问题.石羊河流域是中国缺水最严重的地区之一,由于大规模的水资源开发利用,致使红崖山水库入库流量逐年减少,下游民勤生态环境不断恶化.同时,由于大量的污水排放,导致厂水库的水质恶化.水库入流量减少、水质恶化加重了下游民勤生态环境的恶化.作为位于中游的武威市,为缓解和改善民勤生态环境,在建立环境伦理道德观念的基础上,以水的内在价值和环境公平原则为约束,积极调整和改善水资源开发与利用的方式,使其符合科学发展观的要求,促进区域生态环境逐步好转,实现区域持续发展.

The Development and Utilization of Water Resource In Wuwei Based on Enviornmentai Ethics

The Shiyang River basin is one of the most serious water-shortage area in China. The quality of Minqin＇ s ecoenvironment has been getting worse in the lower reach of the fiver basin. Due to the large-scale development and utilization of water resource in Wuwei which located at the middle reach of the Shiyang River, the runoff into Hongyashan reservoir has been reduced. According to the measured data, the runoff reduced from 5.73 ×10^8m^3·a^-1 in 1950 s to 1.3 ×10^3m^3·a^-1 in 1990s. Vast industrial wastewater and raw sewage was discharged into Shiyang River that lead to deterioration of water quality. The water quality has been classified as grade V Shiyang River and Hongyashan reservoir. The runoff reducing and water quality since 1999 in the Wuwei segment of deterioration become main reason that worsen Minqin＇ s eco-environment. In order to improve thc quality of Minqin＇ s eco-environment, the approaches must be changed about the development and utilization of water resource in Wuwei. The new approaches should accord with the scientific concept of development. Based on environmental ethics, inhibited by the intrinsic value of water resource and the principle of environmental equity, the modes about the development and utilization of water resource should be adjusted and improved in Wuwei city. Thus, the eco-environment of this region will be improved and sustainable development will be achieved.