考虑生鲜品新鲜度的集配策略研究

以一个提供生鲜品运输服务的速递企业为研究对象,考虑客户对生鲜品出货新鲜度要求对该企业集配策略进行研究.首先,基于生鲜品质量变质特性的数量集配策略采用随机更新理论建立生鲜产品集配模型,决策使平均期望总成本最小的集配数量.分析模型指出集配中平均期望运输成本与平均期望集配惩罚成本的内在变化规律,指出平均期望总成本关于集配数量的变化规律及企业是否采用集配策略与需求速率、固定运输成本与单位惩罚成本相关,及采用集配策略后的最优集配数量取决于需求、成本与产品环境的联合作用.发展模型求解算法,数值实验出示集配数量、保鲜成本及期望成本与企业所处的需求、成本与产品环境的关系,为生鲜产品物流速递企业制定集配策略提供借鉴.

Research on shipment consolidation policy for perishable products by considering shipping freshness requirement

Focusing on an express company proving shipping service for perishable products, this paper considers the shipping freshness requirement of products and researches this company's shipment consolidation policy. Firstly, this paper employs the quantity-based policy combining the perishable characteristic of products and formulates a shipment consolidation model by applying the stochastic renewal theory to decide the shipment quantity with the objective of minimizing the average expected total cost. Then, by analyzing this model, this paper shows:1) the internal changing law of the average expected shipment cost and the average expected shipment consolidation penalty cost; 2) the internal changing law of the average expected total cost with respected to the shipment consolidation quantity; 3) whether the company applies the shipment consolidation policy hinges on demand rate, fixed shipment cost and unit shipment consolidation penalty cost and 4) the optimal shipment consolidation quantity depends on the combination of demand environment, cost environment and product environment. Based on the analyzing results, an algorithm is developed. By conducting some numerical experiments, this paper obtains the relationship of the optimal shipment consolidation quantity, the optimal unit inputting freshness-keeping cost and the expected shipping consolidation cost per product with the demand environment, the cost environment and the product environment faced by company, respectively. All conclusions in this paper are helpful to express companies that provide the delivery and distribution service of perishable products.