渤海区域营运船舶碳排放强度指标核算与评级

为评估我国渤海区域营运船舶碳排放强度，通过收集散货船、液货船等船舶航行数据，分析船舶能效营运指数、船舶营运能效性能指标、年度船舶能效率等碳强度指标，研究船舶载重吨、航速等因子与碳强度指标的相关性，并分别对散货船和液货船进行年度碳强度评级。结果表明：散货船三种碳强度指标均位于10-6数量级，液货船则位于10-5数量级，其他船舶类型能效营运指数和年度船舶能效率位于10-4数量级，船舶营运能效性能指标位于10-3数量级，散货船营运能效较好。利用年度船舶能效率指标对散货船与液货船进行了2023年度评级，C级以上船舶分别占80%和100%。利用船舶能效营运指数和船舶营运能效性能指标进行评价，散货船C级以上船舶仅占20%，液货船C级以上船舶分别占50%和75%，液货船三种指标评级均优于散货船。在保持当前营运条件下，2023-2026年液货船碳强度指标评级基本保持在C级以上，船舶评级表现良好，而散货船满足C级的船舶占比从80%降至40%，呈现下滑趋势。最后，根据研究结果提出了相应船舶营运降碳措施。

Simulation calculation and rating of carbon intensity indicators for ships in the Bohai region, China

In order to evaluate the carbon emission intensity of ships operating in the Bohai Sea region of China, the navigation data of bulk carrier, tanker, and other ships were used to analyze the carbon intensity indicator such as energy efficiency operation index (EEOI), energy efficiency performance indicator (EEPI), and annual efficiency ratio (AER). The correlations between carbon intensity indicators and key factors such as ship deadweight ton and speed were conducted as well as the annual carbon intensity rating for bulk carriers and tankers. The results show that the three carbon intensity indicators of bulk carriers are all at the level of 10-6, while those of tankers are at the level of 10-5. The EEOI and AER of ship operating are in the order of 10-4, and the EEPI of other ship is at the level of 10-3. The carbon emission intensity of bulk carrier is relatively good. The annual rating of bulk carrier and tanker in 2023 was conducted using the AER, with ships above Class C accounting for 80% and 100%, respectively. Using the EEOI and EEPI for evaluation, only 20% of bulk carrier is above Class C, while 50% and 75% of tanker is above Class C. All three indicators of tanker are rated better than those of bulk carrier. Under the current operating condition, the carbon intensity indicator rating of tankers from 2023 to 2026 remains basically above Class C, with good performance in ship rating. However, the proportion of ships that meet Class C requirement for bulk carriers has decreased from 80% to 40%, showing a downward trend. Finally, corresponding carbon reduction measures for ship operation are proposed based on the research results.