环境相容性农药发展的必然性和可能途径

农药是农业生产的重要物资,发展环境相容性农药是农药发展的必然趋势,这是环境保护和农业可持续发展以及农药自身发展的要求所决定的。对已经存在的农药品种进行制剂和改进施药器械以及围绕施药器械改进施药技术,使农药减少对环境、对施药者的危害,这是发展环境相容性农药的一条有效和简便的途径。更根本的途径在于作为农药的化合物本身。大力发展生物源农药,直接利用生物材料作为农药以及筛选生物中存在的活性物质作为先导化合物开发新型农药,是目前研究开发环境容性农药的有益途径。另辟蹊径,在研制的思路上创新,在研制方法上采用高新技术,是必须要走的道路。在生物源材料中筛选先导化合物,可采用“由源到果”之路,采用“由果到源”之路则更有效。新药筛选中的生物测定技术,随着农药的角色特征的转变而改变,也随着农药作用靶标的改变而改变。基因组学、生物信息学、组合化学、基因芯片、高通量筛选等现代技术的发展有利于促进新农药的发展。

Development of Environment-friendly Pesticide:The Necessary and Pathway

Under the pressure of environment protection and with agriculture sustainable development,it is necessary for developing environmental friendly pesticides.It is an available and simple pathway to improve pesticide preparations and application apparatus,as well as ameliorate application method for the development of such pesticides.The most important thing is developing new compounds with the pathway of using the natural products from the natural organisms as biogenic pesticides or using the active compounds for biomimetic synthesis.Screening the lead compound from the biological material,the pathway of "from object to resource" is useful.The new bioassay of pesticide and the modern technology such as high throughput screening and combinatorial chemistry symposium,as well as genomics?proteomics and bioinformatics can improve the development of the environment friendly pesticide.