二维量子阱中单电子量子比特的性质

通过求解能量本征方程,得到弱磁场作用下的二维势阱中电子的本征能量及其波函数,进而以基态和第一激发态波函数构造了一个量子比特.数值计算结果表明,量子比特内电子的空间概率密度随空间坐标和时间的变化而变化,在阱的边缘处出现的概率值为零,在其他位置相对较大;各个空间点的概率密度均随时间做周期振荡,振荡周期与阱宽有关,与外磁场无关,它随阱宽的增加而增大.

The Property on Qubit of Sigle Electron in the Two - dimensional Quantum Well

Under the condition of a weak magnetic field,the eigenfunction and the ground state and the first excited state of the electron in the two-dimensional quantum well,are obtained by solving precisely the Schr dinger equation.A qubit is formed by overlapping both the ground state and the first excited state of the electron.Numerical calculations indicate that the probability density distribution of electron in qubit varies with varying space coordinate,on the edge of the well,its amplitude is zero and larger in other positions.It is also shown that the probability density of electron in all space point oscillates periodically with time,and the oscillating period is determined by the character of the well,which has nothing to do with the external magnetic field,and it increases with increasing the well width