The metabolism and function of sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids |
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Authors: | S Lahiri A H Futerman |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel |
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Abstract: | Sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids are emerging as major players in many facets of cell physiology and pathophysiology.
We now present an overview of sphingolipid biochemistry and physiology, followed by a brief presentation of recent advances
in translational research related to sphingolipids. In discussing sphingolipid biochemistry, we focus on the structure of
sphingolipids, and their biosynthetic pathways – the recent identification of most of the enzymes in this pathway has led
to significant advances and better characterization of a number of the biosynthetic steps, and the relationship between them.
We then discuss some roles of sphingolipids in cell physiology, particularly those of ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate,
and mention current views about how these lipids act in signal transduction pathways. We end with a discussion of sphingolipids
and glycosphingolipids in the etiology and pathology of a number of diseases, such as cancer, immunity, cystic fibrosis, emphysema,
diabetes, and sepsis, areas in which sphingolipids are beginning to take a central position, even though many of the details
remain to be elucidated.
Received 13 February 2007; received after revision 19 April 2007; accepted 26 April 2007 |
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Keywords: | Sphingolipid glycosphingolipid ceramide sphingosine-1-phosphate apoptosis cancer |
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