陕北黄土高原地区生态环境的变化趋势与对策

陕北黄土高原地区是一个巨大的开放性的山地生态经济系统,其生态系统十分脆弱。由于经济结构的不合理与长期以来的过度开发,加剧了水土流失,形成生态破坏与经济贫困的恶性循环。目前,生态环境恶化的趋势仍在继续,故提出防治生态破坏的基本对策是:停止破坏,恢复林草,大力防治水土流失,走治理与发展同步之路,把优化生态环境与振兴经济结合起来,逐步实现自给型农业、保护型林业和商品型畜牧业的全面发展。

The Development Trend of the Eco-Environment and the Management Strategy in Loess Plateau of North Shanxi Province

Loess Plateau in North Shaanxi Province is an unenclosed ecology-economy system with characteristics of mountain area,and it is very fragile.Soil and water losses are so serious as to form a vicious circle between ecology destruction and poverty because of the irrationality of the economic structure and over-exploitation of natural resources. At present, the deteriorated trend of eco-environment is still on. It is necessary to propose management strategy for this area as follows: stopping destrution, recovering forest and grass, preventing and controlling soil and water losses, keeping management and exploitation at the same speed, combining optimization of eco-environment with utilization of economy, realizing the comprehensive development of self-supporting agricuture, protective forest, and commodity livestock husbandry step by step.