内蒙古草地分类及其气候特征分析

根据中国1:400万草地资源图(1980年代)，将内蒙古全区草地划分为优质草地、中质草地、劣质草地和高产草地、中产草地、低产草地；基于内蒙古全区23个中国地面国际交换站气象资料（1957-2014年），采用Mann-Kendall法对各类草地的年降水量和平均气温进行趋势分析和突变性检验。研究结果表明，优质、中质、高产、中产草地年降水量呈减少趋势，劣质和低产草地年降水量呈增加趋势；各类草地平均气温均呈增加趋势。劣质和低产草地年降水量的离散程度以及优质和高产草地平均气温的离散程度较其他草地更大。各类草地的年降水量和平均气温在研究时期内均发生突变。不同类型草地的降水量和气温有不同程度的差别。

Classification of Grassland and Analysis on their Climatic characteristics in Inner Mongolia

According to China''s 1:4 Million Grassland Resources Map(1980''s), the grassland under the jurisdiction of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was divided into six types: excellent-grade grassland, fair-grade grassland, low-grade grassland and high-yield grassland, medium-yield grassland and low-yield grassland. Based on the data of precipitation and temperature for the 23 meteorological observation stations in Inner Mongolia (1957 to 2014), the Mann-Kendall method was used to analyze the annual precipitation and mean temperature of various grasslands, and to analyze the trend and the abrupt change of the annual mean temperature. The result shows that the annual precipitation of excellent-grade grassland, fair-grade grassland, high-yield grassland and medium-yield grassland decreases, while the annual precipitation of low-grade grassland and low-yield grassland increases; the average temperature of all grasslands increases; And low-yield grassland is more dispersed than other grasslands, and the average temperature of excellent-grade grassland and high-yield grassland are greater than that of other grasslands. The annual precipitation and average temperature of all kinds of grassland are abruptly changed during the study period. Different types of grassland precipitation and temperature have different degrees of difference.