中亚湖泊地区气温变化特征

根据中亚地区不同经纬度的5个湖泊气象站(从低纬度到高纬度的顺序排列分别为里海、咸海、巴尔喀什湖、阿拉湖、斋桑泊)的20世纪中后期及21世纪初的实测逐日气温资料,采用距平分析法、5年滑动平均法、Spearman秩相关系数法、Mann-Kendall秩次相关分析检验法以及相关的水文统计方法,对这个区域的气温特征、变化趋势及趋势显著性进行了分析.结果表明:在所研究的5个站点中,年均气温存在不同程度的上升现象,并且纬度越高,年均气温升高趋势越显著;整个区域的气温呈上升趋势;增温过程主要发生在冬季,年最低气温升温显著,年最高气温也呈上升趋势,但是不显著.

Characteristics of temperature variation in lake zones of Central Asia

Based on observed daily temperature data from the meteorological stations of five lakes in Central Asia in the middle and late 20th century and the early 21th century,the Caspian Sea,Aral Sea,Balkhash Lake,Alar Lake,and Zaysan Lake,ranked from low latitudes to high latitudes,the anomaly analytical method,the five-year moving average method,the Spearman test method,the Mann-Kendall test method,and the hydrological statistical method were used to identify the characteristics of temperature,change trends,and the significance of the trends.The results show that the annual average temperature had an increasing trend at the five stations,and the higher the latitude was,the more significant the increasing trend was.On the whole,the temperature throughout the region had an increasing trend.The warming process mainly occurred in winter.The annual minimum temperature increased significantly,and the annual maximum temperature also had an increasing trend,which was not significant.