特提斯构造域典型构造特征及其控制因素探讨——以物理模拟成果为例

特提斯构造带的变形特征及其形成演化已成为研究的热点,其对板块构造重建和油气资源富集规律的认识具有非常重要的意义.为此,从近年来有关物理模拟技术对特提斯构造域的褶皱-冲断带变形特征的研究出发,系统归纳、总结物理模拟对特提斯构造域从西段比利牛斯山、喀尔巴阡山、阿尔卑斯山,中段的高加索和扎格罗斯山到东段的天山、库车、喜马拉雅、龙门山和雪峰构造带沿线典型褶皱-冲断带变形特征和控制因素的重要意义.研究结果表明,特提斯构造域西段主要是形成双向逆冲断裂、侏罗山式褶皱,块体的几何特征及极性对该段的变形样式具有重要的控制作用;中段形成前陆冲断带和断层相关褶皱,现今构造变形仍在快速扩展,滑脱层对该区段的变形具有关键的控制作用;东段形成逆冲断裂和褶皱及复杂的断裂体系,地壳隆升幅度较大,地层流变学结构对变形具有非常重要的控制.同时,板块之间的挤压汇聚速率对不同区段的构造样式的形成具有明显的影响.

Deformation Patterns and Controlling Factors of the Tethys Classical tectonic domain: Review from the physical modeling results

The deformation characteristics and formation controlling factors of the Tethys tectonic belt have become a hot topic of research, and it has very important significance for the understanding of plate tectonic reconstruction, oil and gas resource enrichment. Based on the recent research on the deformation characteristics of the fold-thrust belt in the Tethys structural domain by physical simulation technology in recent years, the significance of physical modeling on the deformation characteristics and controlling factors of typical fold-thrust belts in this zone, from the western region of Pyrenees, Carpathians, the Alps, to the middle region of Caucasia and Zagros, Tianshan, and Kuqa, and finally, to the eastern region of the Himalayas, Longmenshan, and Xuefeng block, is systematically inducted and summarized. The results show that two-way thrust faults and Jura folds were mainly formed in the western region of the Tethys tectonic zone, foreland thrust belt and fault-related folds were formed in the mid-region, and thrust faults, folds, complex fracture systems were formed in the eastern region. The geometric characteristics and polarity of the block have an important controlling effect on the deformation style of the western segment. Tectonic deformation is still expanding rapidly, and the detachment layer has a key role in controlling the deformation of the mid-region. The crustal uplift is large, and the rheological structure of the stratum has a very important control effect on deformation in the eastern segment. The rate of convergence between the plates has a significant impact on the formation of structural patterns for three parts in the Tethys tectonic zone.