亚里士多德的理论化方式和理性路线

亚里士多德的第一哲学既是关于世界之本体的学说,也是关于知识的思想理论体系;从而形成了通向关于世界(或宇宙)知识的理性路线,并且导向了他的逻辑理性方式。在自然哲学方面,他将对自然世界的解释和使解释作为永恒的和必要的知识这两个目标统一了起来。因此,在他的科学研究中,存在着基于观察的逻辑归纳方法和基于(主要是常识性的)共识的逻辑演绎方法两条方法论路线。亚里士多德对经验证据的接受,标志了认知境界的重大转换,从而对科学理性主义的生长做出了贡献。

Aristotle's Way of Theorizing and His Rational Route

Aristotle's first philosophy is both a doctrine concerning the world noumenon and a theoretical system of knowledge.From his idea of ontology,Aristotle arrived at his rational route concerning the world(or cosmic)knowledge and this led to his mode of logical reason.In natural philosophy,he unified the two goals of explaining the world of nature and making that explanation eternal and necessary knowledge.Therefore in his scientific research there are two methodological routes:one is the method of logical ind...