福州市养老服务设施的空间可达性评价

以福州市各乡镇街道为研究单元,基于福州市养老服务设施的空间分布特征,利用起始-目的地(origin-destination,OD)成本矩阵计算老年人从街道中心到养老设施的出行时间.利用改进的两步移动搜索法进行可达性评价,并通过设定不同时间阻抗(0.62,1.24 h)进行空间敏感性分析.结果表明:福州市养老服务设施整体呈现内集聚外扩散的“圈状分层式”分布格局;福州市养老服务设施可达性以主城区为中心向外呈距离衰减趋势,形成了“南高北低、东高西低”的空间分布格局;随着时间阻抗的增大,可达性空间分异能力降低,整体上有变好的趋势,而边缘乡镇可达性所受影响程度不大.

Evaluation of Spatial Accessibility of Old-Age Service Facilities in Fuzhou City

This article takes the township streets of Fuzhou City as the research unit, and based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the elderly care facilities in Fuzhou City, use the origin-destination(OD)cost matrix to calculate the travel time of the elderly from the center of the street to the elderly facilities, and use the improved two-step floating catchment area method for accessibility evaluation, by setting different time impedance(0.62, 1.24 h)for space sensitivity analysis. The results show that: Fuzhou City’s elderly care facilities as a whole have a “circle layered” distribution pattern of internal agglomeration and external diffusion; Fuzhou City’s elderly care facilities accessibility has a distance-decreasing trend from the main urban area outwards, formed a spatial distribution pattern of “south high and low north, east high and west low”; With the increase of time impedance, the ability of spatial differentiation of accessibility decreases, and the overall trend is better, while the accessibility of marginal villages and towns is not affected.