红寺堡灌区土地利用变化对生态系统 服务价值的影响研究

基于土地利用变化和生态系统服务价值评估的相关理论和方法,运用GIS软件,分析红寺堡灌区1996,2000,2006和2010年的土地利用变化,并计算生态系统服务价值,研究土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明,1996—2010年间红寺堡灌区的土地利用变化较大,主要土地类型为牧草地、耕地和沙地、荒地,从以牧草地为主变为以耕地为主,牧草地减少和耕地增加的幅度最大,城镇村建设用地和林地次之,水域最小。研究区生态系统服务价值总量呈增加的趋势,从1996年的24956.31万元增长到2010年的26663.71万元,其中耕地和林地面积的增加起主要作用,加上水域,三者对研究区生态系统服务价值总量的贡献为84.59%。单位面积生态系统服务价值的分布变化也与研究区土地利用变化紧密相关,直观地反映了从灌区开发前到灌区建设初见成效后的土地利用变化,表明红寺堡灌区的土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的增加具有一定的积极作用。

Impacts of Land Use Changes on Ecosystem Service Value in Hongsipu Irrigated Area

Based on related study on land use and methods of ecosystem service value assessment, using GIS technology, this paper analyzed the land use changes of Hongsipu irrigated area 1996, 2000, 2006 and 2010 and calculated ecosystem service value, in order to study how the ecosystem service value changes with the land use. Results showed that the changes of land use in Hongsipu irrigated area were significant from 1996 to 2010. The main land use types are grassland, cropland and sandy wasteland. In 1996 the main type was grassland while in 2010 it's changed to cropland. During 1996 to 2010, grassland area decreased and cropland area increased most significantly, followed by the increase of construction land and woodland area, while water area changed slightly. Total ecosystem service value of the study area increased from about 249.56 million yuan in 1996 to about 266.64 million yuan in 2010, which showed an increasing tendency. It's the increase of cropland and woodland area that caused the increase of total ecosystem service value. And also the ecosystem service value of cropland, woodland and water accounts for 84.59% of the total ecosystem service value. The distribution of unit area ecosystem service value is also closely related to land use changes and directly reflects the process of land use change during the irrigated area construction and development, indicating that the land use changes of Hongsipu irrigated area had a positive effect on total ecosystem service value increase.