黄皮种质资源果汁中有机酸成分的分析

以农业部广州黄皮资源圃中保存的184份黄皮种质为材料，利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对其果实果汁的有机酸组分及含量进行测定，研究了不同黄皮(Clausena lansium)种质资源有机酸组分的差异及其含量特征.结果表明:不同黄皮种质的总酸含量差异较大，其分布范围在1.28 ~26.46 g/L之间，黄皮果汁的有机酸主要由柠檬酸、苹果酸、还原型抗坏血酸和酒石酸组成，其中柠檬酸含量最高，且不同种质间含量变化幅度较大(0.54 ~25.12 g/L)，均值为11.85 g/L，约占平均总酸含量的83.36%.相关性分析结果显示:柠檬酸与总酸呈极显著正相关，所有黄皮种质资源均为柠檬酸积累型.按照柠檬酸含量可将184份黄皮种质分为2类:一类为低柠檬酸积累型，其含量分布在0.54~3.21 g/L之间；一类为高柠檬酸积累型，其含量分布在6.40~25.12 g/L之间.主成分分析结果表明:第1、第2主成分解释的总变异为67.37%，其分析结果与按照柠檬酸含量高低的分类基本一致.

A Componential Analysis of Organic Acid in Wampee Fruit Juice from Different Germplasm Resources

In order to further understand the differences and characteristics of organic acid in different wampee germplasm resources, the components and contents of organic acid in fruit juice of 184 wampee germplasm conserved at Germplasm Resource Nursery of Wampee (Clausena lansium), Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture were analyzed with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the contents of total organic acid varied greatly among different germplasm, ranging from 1.28 to 26.46 g/L. The major components of organic acid in wampee fruit juice were citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and ascorbic acid, and the content of citric acid was the highest but varied greatly among different germplasm, ranging from 0.54 to 25.12 g/L, with a mean of 11.85 g/L, which accounted for 83.36% of the total organic acid content. The correlation analysis showed that the content of citric acid was significantly positively correlated with the content of the total acid. According to the contents of citric acid, all 184 wampees germplasm resources were divided into two groups. Group Ⅰ was the low citric acid accumulation type, among which the contents of citric acid ranged from 0.54 to 3.21 g/L. Group Ⅱ was the high citric acid accumulation type, among which the contents of citric acid ranged from 6.40 to 25.12 g/L. The principal component analysis suggested that the first and second principal components could explain 67.37% of the total variance, and the results were basically consistent with the correlation analysis.