浅层岩溶和采空区综合探测方法与模型试验

岩溶和采空区已经成为高速公路建设中面临的热点、难点问题。为了准确探测高速公路地基下伏岩层中岩溶和采空区的几何形态和空间分布，提出了地质雷达先验信息的高密度电阻率约束反演方法。采用常规高密度电阻率反演方法、地质雷达和携带先验信息的高密度电阻率约束反演方法，对常见的岩溶和采空区地电模型进行数值模拟，分析岩溶和采空区不同方法的成像规律。结果表明，与常规高密度电阻率反演和地质雷达正演结果相比，携带先验信息约束的高密度电阻率法反演的异常体的空间形态更接近于真实地电模型，对边界的识别更加准确。随后，通过对山东章丘地区岩溶和采空区的模型试验，探明了岩溶和采空区的分布情况，验证了该综合预报方法对岩溶和采空区的探测效果，为高速公路地基下岩溶和采空区的治理方案提供了依据。

Comprehensive geophysical method for shallow karst and goaf and its model test

Karst and goaf have become a hot and challenging problem in expressway construction. To accurately detect the spatial distribution and geometrical form of the karst and goaf zones under the highway, an electrical resistivity constraint inversion imaging method by using prior information obtained by the ground penetrating radar method (GPR) was employed. The conventional ERT inversion method, the GPR, and the ERT constraint inversion imaging method with prior information were used to numerically simulate common karst and mined-out geoelectrical models. Then the imaging laws of various methods in different types of karst and goaf were analyzed and summarized. Numerical simulation results show that, compared with conventional ERT inversion and GPR results, the spatial morphology of anomalous bodies using the ERT constraint inversion imaging method is closer to the real geoelectric model. It can more accurately identify the boundary. Subsequently, a model test study of karst and goaf was carried out in Zhangqiu, Shandong, and the distribution of karst and goaf zones was successfully ascertained, verifying the detection effect of the comprehensive detection method on karst and goaf areas. The proposed method provides a basis for the treatment plan of the karst and goaf under the highway foundation.