非人灵长类育幼风格跨物种比较

非人灵长类具有长达数年的未成年时期,这使得母婴关系在非人灵长类的研究中显得非常重要.其中育幼风格直接与母猴的繁殖成功和后代存活率相关,而不同种的非人灵长类的母婴冲突水平和育幼风格可能是食性、社会结构、生存环境等影响的结果.2015年7月至2016年8月,采用焦点视频法,分别对两个亚科共4种非人灵长类的16对母婴进行了观察和数据记录,获得了总共约74h的有效视频数据.结果表明不同的亚科间的冲突水平和育幼风格表现出了显著的差异,而猴亚科和疣猴亚科分别的两个种之间保护和冲突水平都没有明显的差异,母猴等级也没有对育幼风格产生显著的影响.同时对母婴冲突的投资假说进行了验证.

Cross-species Comparison of Maternal Style in Non-human Primates

Maternal style is directly related to the chance of animals' reproductive success and infants' surviving,which makes mother-infant interaction important in studies.Nonhuman primates have a long immaturity period.Their maternal style may be effected by food habit,social structure or ecological environment.From July 2015 to August 2016,we followed 16 mother-infant dyads in 4 different species of non-human primates in 2 subfamily(Cercopithecine and Colobine),and collected 74 h of focal sampling data.The results show that maternal style in Cercopithecine speciesis obvious different from that in Colobine species.However,both protection and conflict level between different species did not influence their maternal style.Social rank did not influence it as well.Our study offers support for the parent investment theory in mother-offspring conflicts.