苏木山药用植物资源多样性分析及开发利用

首次比较全面地对内蒙古兴和县苏木山药用植物进行实地考察,进一步摸清其资源状况,并进行多样性分析,为苏木山药用植物资源的合理开发利用和保护提供科学依据.结果显示:苏木山现有药用植物资源丰富,共有75科368种,以种子植物菊科、豆科和蔷薇科为主.药用部位主要以全草和根类为主,分别有171种和62种,占该地药用植物总数的46.47%和16.85%.功效应用以清热药居多,占药用植物总数的36.96%,其次是利水渗湿药、补虚药和解表药.其中入典种仅有92种,占总种数的25.00;栽培种52种,占总种数的14.13%.说明苏木山药用植物资源虽然丰富,但开发利用程度低,引种栽培少,所以具有很大的开发潜力.今后要处理好旅游开放和药用植物保护之间的关系,强化药用植物的综合利用,实现资源的合理开发和可持续利用.

Diversity Analyzing and Development of the Medicinal Plant Resources of Sumu Mountain in Inner Mongolia

In order to provide scientific basis for the reasonable utilization and protection for the medicinal plant resources of Sumu Mountain in Inner Mongolia.We investigated for plants species,making clear the resources status and analyzing diversity characteristics of the medicinal plants.The results showed that the medicinal plant resources were very rich in Sumu Mountain,there were 75 families and 368 species,dominant families were Compositae,Leguminosae and Rosaceae.The plants used whole herb and root as medicinal materials,which were 171 species and 62 species,respectively,accounting for 46.47% and 16.85% of the total species number.Antipyretics medicine is majority,accounting for 36.96% of the total number of medicinal plants,followed by dampness medicine and tonic reconciliationsheet.recorded species in Chinese pharmacopoeia was only 92,accounting for 25.00%,cultivation species was52,accounting for 14.13%.The above description showed that there were many medicinal plants in Sumu Mountain,but the degree of development and utilization were low,and cultivated varieties and cultivated area were less,so the medicinal plant resources in Sumu Mountain had a great development potential.In the future we should deal with the relationship of opening up tourism and protecting medicinal plant,to enhance the comprehensive utilization of medicinal plants,and to realize the reasonable development and sustainable utilization of the medicinal plant resources.