红豆杉植物愈伤组织的培养及其紫杉醇形成的初探

不同品种的红豆杉外植体及同一品种的不同外植体，其愈伤组织的发生率、发生速度、发生状况有所不同，激素种类及浓度对愈伤组织的诱导及生长有较大影响，适量的水解酪蛋白和抗坏血酸能促进愈伤组织生长，继代培养以２５～３０天为一代较好，接种量以０．７５～１．２５ｍ／５０ｍｌ培养基为宜，薄层层析结果表明，云南红豆杉细胞培养物中存在着紫杉醇（Ｔａｘｏｌ）。

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CELL CALLUS CULTURE AND TAXOL PRODUCTION OF SEVERAL TAXUS SPECIES

Explants from Taxus yunnanensis, T. chinensis, T. cuspidata, T. c. var.umbraculifera were able to be induced callus. But the inducing percentage, rate, the state of callus were influenced by plant special, different parts of plant exptant. The results showed that, 2, 4--D at 2. 0 mg/L was satisfactory for inducing callus, but NAA at 4. 0 mg/L was most effective in promoting the growth of callus, while the effects of lA A were insignifieant in callus induction and growth. Casein hydrolysate and vitamine C were added to the medium to promote callus growth and reduce the formation of brown pigment. The optimum concentration of casein hydrolysste was 2. 0 g/L. For vitamine C, 10 mg/L was better than 5 mg/L.The proper subculture intervals were 25-30 days, and inoculum quantity was 0. 75-- 1.25 g/50 ml medium. Preliminary identification by multiple efficiency thin layer plate indicated that taxol was contained in T. yunnanensis callus.