气溶胶线性吸收系数及其吸收可见辐射的研究

基于测量气溶胶吸收系数的粒子采样法,导出了表征气溶胶总体吸收性能的线性吸收系数E_l,从而简化了测量设备和手续,为研究气溶胶辐射吸收性能提供廉价而简便的测量工具。分析和实验表明,E_l实质上是Beer—Lambart定律中吸收系数Ka的合理近似。在纽约州奥尔巴尼和南京近郊外场观测表明,E_l值分别是10~(-6)-10~(-5)M~(-1)和10~(-5)M~(-1)。工业城市和排放源的下风方的E_l值普遍较大。E_l值与能见度呈反向趋势。

A LINEAR ABSORPTION COEFICIENT OF AEROSOL AND ITS BLACKNESS

Based upon the sampling technique of ambient particles, a linear absorption coefficient, _, has been developed to indicate the bulk absorbing proprties of an aerosol. The ability of on aerosol to absorb visible light (blackness) can be con eniently measured with a simply constructed device. Both analysis and experiment indicate that E_l is a reasonable approximation of Ka, an absorption coefficient in Besr-Lambart's law. The results measured both at Albany in New York State and in the suburbs of Nanjing show that E_l is 10~(-6)-10~(-5) M~(-1) and 10~(-5) M~(-1) respactively. E_l has higher values in industrial cities and downwind areas and a tendency toward lower visibility.