IL-18 in inflammatory and autoimmune disease |
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Authors: | Saikiran K Sedimbi Thomas Hägglöf Mikael C I Karlsson |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Medicine-Solna, Translational Immunology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, L2:04, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract: | Inflammation serves as the first line of defense in response to tissue injury, guiding the immune system to ensure preservation of the host. The inflammatory response can be divided into a quick initial phase mediated mainly by innate immune cells including neutrophils and macrophages, followed by a late phase that is dominated by lymphocytes. Early in the new millennium, a key component of the inflammatory reaction was discovered with the identification of a number of cytosolic sensor proteins (Nod-like receptors) that assembled into a common structure, the ‘inflammasome’. This structure includes an enzyme, caspase-1, which upon activation cleaves pro-forms of cytokines leading to subsequent release of active IL-1 and IL-18. This review focuses on the role of IL-18 in inflammatory responses with emphasis on autoimmune diseases. |
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