中国地体构造研究进展综述

地体构造理论被应用于中国地质的具体实践已经１５年并取得了丰硕的成果，主要表现在：１．中国境内地体构造的划分，２．地体构造理论上的创新，包括地体定义的完善；板块、微板块、地体、板惩、覆体五者之间的理论甄别，地体的古板块单元重建和古地体古大洋研究；地体拼贴增生和裂解离散的形式和过程，地体运动形成的沉积盆地和能源矿产；３．方法学上的进展，主要有古地磁喾综合地球物理学、微古生物及其对含放射虫硅质岩的新认识

A SYNTHETICAL REVIEW ON RESEARCH ADVANCES ON THE TERRANE TECTONICS IN CHINA

Terrane tectonics is the latest advance and important complementarity of global plate tectonical theory. Since the early 1980's, Chinese geologists introduced the theory of terrane to China and used it in the geological practice of China. Up to now, many results of researches have been obtained,including mainly (1) the terrane framework of China, (2) the research advances on theory of terrane: the new definition of accretionary terrane, the distinguishing among plate, microplate, terrane, flake and nappe, the re construction of ancient plate settings and the study of Precambrian terrane tectonics and ancient oceans, the styles and processes of amalgamation, accretion and dispersion of terrane, the sedimentary basins and energy and mineral resources related to terrane tectonism, (3) advances in the methods of research on terrane tectonics: paleomagnetism and comprehensive geophysics,micropaleontology and recognition of radiolaria bearing siliceous rock, structural kinematics of terrane boundary and geodynamics of deformational evolution, geochemistry and geochronology. This paper summarizes and reviews these latest research advances. China's terranes are distrubuted aroung the margin of plate tectonics and have complex origin, various size and different age. These fault bounded terranes with various tectonic settings and crustal affinities provide key evidences to solve the formation and evolution of complex colisional belt. They can be grouped into four terrane belts: East China belt, Northwest China belt, Southwest China belt and Central China belt. Each terrane belt is composed of several terrane groups that consist of a series of stratigraphic, metamorphic and volcanic arc terranes. Many terrane terranes contain faunal populations suggesting they have been displaced great distances from their sources, paleomagnetic results support this conclusion. Terranes in China are of allochthonous and exotic, having a drift history on some oceanic crust. They represent volcanic arc systems, pieces of continental crust rifted away from an ancient craton, sea mount and oceanic plateau. The accretion of terrane, which is an important and rapidly growth manner of continent, may be summarized as three styles: subduction collision type, docking type (oblique collision and strike slip type) and flake thrust type. Eigher terranes or continental margins may be dispersed and fragmented by rifting or strike slip faulting. The accretion and dispersion of terrane is a very complex geodynamic evolution. Dispersive processes may fragment individual terranes or a grown continent after their collision with a continent. Paleomagnetic studies have reconstructed terrane trajectories from their place of origin to their final accretion, such as Jiuling and Huaiyu terranes in the Jiangnan belt, Tarim, Hami Turpan, Yili and Junggar terranes in the northwest China terrane belt, and several terranes in the Qinghai Tibet terrane belt, indicating some terranes in China were located near equator, or a place of origin of ancient Gondwana super land. Terrane theory is of an important and new content of plate tectonics, not an independent subject opposing with plate theory. The theory of terrane has been developing and perfecting by further researches in field and laboratory and applications of new method and technology. It has been playing and will continue to play an important part in research on the intracontinental deformation and ancient orogenic belt in China.