大型客机座舱合理排数的数值模拟

由于计算资源的限制,设计座舱的气流组织采用全舱数值模拟的方法不够科学,确定合理的座舱环境模拟排数是获得气流组织真实信息的基础.为此,用经过验证的计算流体力学（CFD）方法对单通道座舱合理排数进行了数值模拟研究,包括空舱及满员两种情况;研究的座舱排数分别为1排、3排、5排、7排及9排,模拟工况为热天巡航,数值模型采用RNG k-ε模型.研究发现,对于空舱情况,由于复杂几何及边界条件对舱内气流的影响,至少需要5排座舱才能得到较合理的计算结果,7排及7排以上的座舱排数能得到准确的计算结果;满员情况下,由于人体热羽流对舱内气流流动起主导作用,故3排及以上的座舱排数能得到准确的计算结果.基于已确定的合理座舱排数,对半满员及满员两种情况下舱内的气流组织进行了对比分析.与满员情况下舱内气流组织呈对称分布不同,半满员情况下,每一排的气流都偏向人员多的一侧.

Numerical Simulation of the Reasonable Row Number for Commercial Aircraft Cabins

Due to the limit of computing resources, it＇s difficult to process numerical simulation with a full-scale cabin. The determination of reasonable row number for aircraft cabin is the basis to acquire real information of airflow. This investigation explores the reasonable row number in a section of a single-aisle aircraft cabin with a validated computational fluid dynamics （CFD）program. The simulation of reasonable row number cases includes the empty cabin and the fully-occupied cabin and the row number differs from one row, three rows, five rows, seven rows to nine rows. The RNG k-~＂ model for the turbulent flow is used to simulate a steady air flow in the cabin environment during cruise flight. It found that as for the empty cabin, due to the influence of complex geometry boundary, five rows are enough for simple numerical simulation and the seven-row layout can obtain good results. As the thermal plume from manikin has larger impact on airflow distribution inside the aircraft cabin compared to geometry boundary, three rows are enough for the numerical simulation of the fully-occupied cabin. With the obtained reasonable full-occupied row number, this investigation further compares the air distribution between the half- occupied cabin and the full-occupied cabin. The results show that different from the full-occupied condition, air dis- tribution in the half-occupied aircraft cabin appears asymmetrical and airflow deviates from aisle to the side with more people.