基于社会力模型的客船人员疏散仿真研究

为研究群组行为和不同疏散方式对客船人员疏散过程的影响，提出了乘客到达集合站的3种疏散方式，分析了有无群组情况下该艘乘客的集合时间、拥堵区域和拥堵形成时刻，以及持续时间。仿真结果表明：群组行为对乘客的集合时间具有较为显著的影响，并增大集合时间的变化范围，而有无群组行为情况下的拥堵区域基本相同。而群组行为对拥堵形成时刻以及持续时间的影响较为复杂，与区域的位置以及不同区域内群组组员的响应时间有较大关系。需结合事故类型及严重程度来对客船人员疏散过程进行分析，确定不同的疏散方式。

Research on Passenger Ship Evacuation Simulation Based on Social Force Model

Aiming at the influence of group behavior and different evacuation methods on the passenger ship evacuation process. Three evacuation methods of passengers arriving at the assembly stations with and without group behavior are provided, and the passenger assembly time, congestion area, congestion timing and duration are analyzed. The simulation results show that the group behavior has a significant effect on the passenger assembly time and increases the variation range of the passenger assembly time, and the congestion area with and without group behavior remains the same. The influences of group behavior on the congestion timing and duration are complicated, which are associated with the location of the congestion area and the response time of the group members. Evacuation analysis on the passenger ship must consider the type and severity of the accidents. The study provides a theory and decision making support for the evacuation safety design and evaluation of the passengers in the large passenger ships.