面向复杂系统需求分析的DSL构建

在航空航天领域, 系统的复杂度快速增长, 这对基于模型的系统工程的开展带来巨大的挑战, 尤以复杂系统的需求分析为甚。需求分析过程缺乏针对性的支持模型的工具。针对基于模型的系统工程中的这一问题, 根据领域建模的思想, 引入领域特定语言(domain specific language, DSL)的概念, 提出一种构建DSL进行需求分析的方法, 并针对基于模型的系统工程(model based system engineering, MBSE)中需求分析的需要构建相应的DSL。首先, 从基于模型的系统工程方法论角度, 对工程应用中的需求捕获与分解进行了分析; 接着, 通过扩展后的GOPPRR(graph object property port role relationship)元元模型依据需要, 构建了DSL的具体语法与语义; 最后, 以具体的系统为例与系统建模语言分析方法做出了对比。结果表明, 所构建的DSL在进行复杂系统的需求分析与建模时, 与实际需要契合, 在各个环节都具有针对性强、形式化的优点, 有利于保证需求分析与建模工作的正确性。

DSL building for requirement analysis of complex system

In the field of aerospace, the complexity of system is increasing rapidly, which brings great challenges to the model based system engineering, especially the requirement analysis of complex system. The requirements analysis process lacks pointed model-supported tools. Aiming at this problem in model based system engnieering, according to the idea of domain specific modeling, the concept of domain specific language (DSL) is introduced, a method of requirements analysis in model based system engnieering is proposed, and the corresponding DSL meeting the needs of requirement analysis in model based system engnieering (MBSE) is built. Firstly, the requirements capture and decomposition in engineering application are analyzed from the perspective of MBSE methodology. Then, the semantic and syntax of the DSL is built according to the needs through the extended GOPPRR (graph object property port role relationship) meta model. Finally, a specific system is taken as an example and compared with the system modeling language analysis method. The results show that the built DSL fits the actual needs in the requirement analysis and modeling of complex systems and has the advantages of strong pertinence and formalization in all stages, which is conducive to ensuring the correctness of requirement analysis and modeling.