中国西南地区岩溶水资源的特点及可持续利用对策

岩溶水资源是西南岩溶地区社会经济发展的一个最为重要的支撑点．西南岩溶地区降水丰富，岩溶水资源总量大，但由于强烈的岩溶作用和岩溶植被的破坏，西南岩溶地区成为我国严重缺水的地区之一，水资源问题成为制约该地区经济发展的关键因素．充分认识西南岩溶地区水资源的赋存特点和时空演变规律，认清目前岩溶水资源开发利用中存在的问题及原因，有利于今后西南岩溶地区水资源的合理开发和保护，对实现西南岩溶地区脱贫和社会经济的可持续发展具有重要意义．从地质背景和人类活动胁迫两方面分析了岩溶含水层的特点以及目前西南岩溶地区水资源开发利用中存在的突出问题，提出了西南岩溶区水资源的可持续利用的对策．

Characteristics of Karst Water Resource in Southwest China and its Sustainable Exploitation and Utilization

The water resources are one of the most important basic aspects in supporting the social economic sustainable development in karst areas in Southwest China. The total amount of groundwater in karst areas is rich because of plenty of rainfall. However the karst areas in Southwest China have become one of the seriously short of water region now due to the intensively developed karst and serious ecological degeneration. The short of water resource is the key factor to the local economical development. It is necessary to master the characteristics of karst aquifers and the way it changes with time in different regions for the sustainable use of karst water resources. The characteristics of karst water resource and the problems in exploiting and utilizing karst water resource are analyzed in this paper. Some strategies are pointed out for sustainable use of karst water resource.