长春市城市发展与水资源环境约束关系研究

选取长春市作为研究区,通过分析近20年来长春城市化进程特征,认为当前长春市经济发展仍处于工业化中期初始发展阶段.快速的城市化过程加大了城市用水的需求以及水环境污染压力,根据城市发展与水资源环境之间的约束关系,将长春城市发展与水资源环境耦合作用过程在较长时间尺度上分为四个阶段,即低水平协调阶段、拮抗阶段、磨合阶段和高水平协调阶段.长春城市发展目前正处于磨合阶段,也是实现水资源环境约束下的城市可持续发展的最为关键时期.长春未来城市发展战略为城市水资源环境管理提出了很高的要求,由于既要兼顾保持较高的经济发展速度和城市化发展水平,同时又要保证一个较高的生态城市建设目标,因此,"节水型城市"和"水环境友好型城市"是长春未来生态园林城市发展目标的必然选择.

Study on constraint of urbanization of Changchun City from urban water resources and environments

In this paper,the urbanization of Changchun City in the past twenty years is analyzed,and one of the results is that Changchun is on the stage of middle of industrial period.The rapid urbanization of Changchun City generates more serious water pollution,and demands more and more water resources.Based on the correlation between urbanization and its local water resources and environments,this coupled process can be separated into four stages within a long term urbanization scale.These four stages are initial harmonized stage,resistant stage,wear-in stage and advanced harmonized stage,and it is on the third stage for the status of Changchun City presently,which is a critical stage for its sustainable urbanization with the constraint of local water resources and environments.The management of urban water resources and environments will be challenged based on its urbanization planning,because it is demanded for rapid urbanization and quicker economic development as well as the future objective of ecological city.Therefore,"Water-saved City" and "Environment-wise City" will be the models for Changchun City in the future.