要加强对复杂适应性系统的研究——对自组织理论的反思

简单回顾了自组织理论的发展历史、内容和采用的方法，重点分析了自组织理论的研究对象和研究范围；指出自组织理论在研究复杂系统上的局限性——只适于研究简单巨系统，它研究的是系统演化的结果而非过程；自组织理论使用微分方程作为数学工具，要求子系统之间的相互作用要满足叠加原理而不考虑涌现的情况。在此基础上，本文提出要加强复杂适应性系统的研究，具体有两方面的工作：首先要加强计算机作为数学工具的应用，扩展对系统状态描述的范围；另外要加强对层次性的研究，重点是对涌现问题的分析。最后提出现在加强复杂系统的研究应从实际的具体系统入手。

We Should Enhance the Research of Complex Adaptive Systems——reflection on self-organizing theory

This paper reviews the progress of self-organizing theory,and outlines the content and methods in self-organizing theory;then it analyzes the research areas and research subjects,as a result,it gives the limitation of self-organizing theory,that is,self-organizing theory suits to solve the problem in simple giant system and the theory focuses on the result of evolution not the progress,in addition this theory uses differential equation as the mathematics tools and the relationship of subsystems is simple adding other than emerging.With this understanding this paper emphases that we should enhance the research of complex adaptive systems,especially in two aspects: firstly,we should make more good use of computers as our mathematics tools and extend the fields and areas that we can describe with self-organizing;secondly,we should pay more attention to the relationship between subsystems and between the whole and the parts,among which the important thing is the emerging problems.At last this paper suggests that we should take the actual systems such as brain,protein as our research chance.