The Viable Systems Model Applied to a National System of Innovation to Inform Policy Development |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Sean?DevineEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Victoria Management School, Victoria University of Wellington, 600, Wellington, New Zealand |
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Abstract: | This paper outlines how the viable systems model (VSM) can provide insights into a National System of Innovation by focussing
on the necessary variety needed to match the system's changing external environment. Because an innovation system is more
diffuse than a firm, the VSM needs to be described within an ‘ecological’ metaphor. This approach gives insights into the
system's learning processes, showing that there can be a trade-off between variety and control for the system to maintain
a fixed level of viability. Furthermore, for many innovation systemsthe coordination is ‘soft’; taking place through markets,
through Government directions, and through relationships embodied in clusters, unions or industry groups, etc.Governments
generally can only manage the system indirectly by facilitating the generation of the necessary variety, influencing strategic
directions, filling gaps in the system and encouraging coordination.
Societal or cultural innovations, such as new forms of citizen participation in decision-making, may well improve the viability
of an innovation system. However, if these innovations are pursued for societal rather than economic purposes, they fall outside
the usual definition of innovation within an NSI. |
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Keywords: | viable systems model (VSM) innovation systems national innovation strategy technology management |
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