移动应用供应链中考虑质量与交付期约束的合作契约设计

考虑由ERP厂商、APP厂商与客户企业组成的移动应用供应链，针对ERP厂商与APP厂商产品与服务合作中客户企业的需求存在变更、ERP厂商提供的售前服务会影响软件开发质量等问题，构建以ERP厂商为主导的两阶段动态博弈模型。设计了基于固定支付、提前交付奖励与维护成本共担的合作契约，分析了客户企业的需求变更、交付期约束等对合作双方的交付策略以及供应链总利润的影响。研究表明：随着客户企业对交付期的要求不同，以及需求分布的均值在不同范围内变动，合作双方的产品交付策略有准时交付高质量、准时交付等质量、提前交付高质量以及提前交付等质量4种策略；若客户企业对交付期的要求小于临界值，需求变动不影响供应链成员的决策与总利润；若对交付期的要求大于临界值且需求变动的均值大于某一阈值，需求变动会影响供应链成员的决策与总利润；若对交付期的要求大于临界值且需求变动的均值小于阈值，合作过程中无论由APP厂商或ERP厂商决策交付时间均不影响合作绩效，且需求变动不影响供应链成员的决策与总利润。

Design of Cooperation Contract in Mobile Application Supply Chain Considering Quality and Delivery Time Constraint

In a mobile application supply chain(MASC)with an ERP(enterprise resource planning)vendor,an APP vendor and a customer enterprise,the ERP vendor and the APP vendor jointly provide a mobile application system(MAS)to the customer enterprise.The customer enterprise has constraint on delivery time and quality of the MAS which is also influenced by the pre sale service of the ERP vendor.Besides,the demand of customer enterprise may change during software development.Focused on these questions,a revenue model was established based on the quality preference and delivery time sensitivity of the customer enterprise,and a cooperation contract consisting of fixed payment,early delivery award,and maintenance cost sharing was proposed.F urthermore,the impact of the cost of the APP vendor and the quality preference,delivery time sensitivity and change in demand of the customer enterprise on the decision-making of the APP vendor and the contract design strategy of the ERP vendor were analyzed.The results show that the optimal decisions of the APP vendors and the optimal cooperation contract design of the ERP vendor have different situations when the quality preference degree and delivery time sensitivity of the customer enterprise,the cost coefficient of the APP vendor and the other parameters change.First,the ERP vendor can motivate the APP vendor to deliver high-quality MAS on time,and the change of the demand of the customer enterprise does not affect the total profit of the supply chain if the requirement of the customer for deliver time is less than the critical value.Next,the ERP vendor can motivate the APP vendor to deliver the MAS in advance when the requirement of the customer for deliver time is greater than the critical value and the demand change is greater than that of a certain threshold.Finally,the ERP vendor can motivate the APP vendor to deliver high-quality MAS in advance,and the change of the demand of the customer enterprise does not affect the total profit of the supply chain when the requirement of the customer for deliver time is greater than the critical value and the demand change is less than the threshold.No matter whether the APP or ERP vendor decides the delivery time the cooperation performance and the total profit of the supply chain is not affected.Meanwhile,the ERP vendor can offer either a cooperation contract based on fixed payment,early delivery award and maintenance cost sharing or a contract based on fixed payment,delivery time and maintenance cost sharing,and cooperation performance of two kinds of contract is the same.