陕西长青自然保护区春季大熊猫取食微生境特征研究

通过对陕西长青自然保护区春末熊猫取食点7条样线36个样方的调查,对收集的22种生态因子进行频次分析,并将所有数据数字化后使用SPSS13.0软件进行主成分分析,得出大熊猫对取食点的微生境选择特点:坡度平缓;有少量乔木或大块石头;灌木密度适中,合0.1～0.6株/m2;距离水源地100m以内,靠近兽径;隐蔽度高,能见距离低于10m;竹子粗细合适,大部分竹子离地1m高处直径在10～14mm的阳坡或半阴半阳坡竹林地带。影响大熊猫对取食点的选择的主要因素为食物质量、综合隐蔽条件、穿行便利度及卧穴3类。

Studies on Feeding Microhabitat Characteristics of Giant Panda in Spring in Changqing Nature Reserve of Shaanxi

7 line transects and 36 quadrats for feeding of giant panda in Changqing Nature Reserve of Shaanxi are investigated in the spring of 2007, and the frequency analyses are carried out for 22 kinds of ecological factors that were collected. The principal component analysis is made with SPSS 13.0 after all the kinds of ecological factors were numerically identified. It is found that the giant panda is likely to choose the feeding microhabitat with the following characteristics: the slope is gentle, and with few arbors or big stones; plant density of bushes is moderate, about 0.1~0.6 per square meter; the distance from the source of water is within 100 meters, and close to beast's foot-path; visibility distance of the concealment is lower than 10 meters; and a majority of bamboos grow at the sunny or half-shaded slopes, with the diameter of 10~14 mm, measured at the bamboo height of one meter. The main factors that influence the feeding microhabitat selection of giant panda are food quality, secluded condition and the convenience of walking and rest.