主动性人格对高海拔铁路施工人员安全行为的影响

为提高高海拔铁路施工人员安全行为，从人格特质的角度出发，选择与工作环境密切相关的主动性人格特质为前因变量，基于特质激活理论和社会认同理论，引入组织认同和领悟社会支持为中介变量和调节变量，揭示主动性人格影响安全行为的作用机理。为避免共同方法偏差带来的影响，采用一种分阶段收集数据的方法，使用主动性人格和安全行为的成熟量表，以甘肃、青海和西藏在建的川藏铁路和西成铁路高海拔施工区域10个项目部的一线施工人员为研究对象进行问卷调查，获得308份有效问卷；运用SPSS 22.0和process v3.3进行共同方法偏差检验、验证性因子分析、相关性分析和验证假设。结果表明：主动性人格对高海拔铁路施工人员安全行为具有显著的正向预测作用；组织认同在主动性人格和安全行为影响关系中起部分中介作用；领悟社会支持在主动性人格和安全行为影响关系中起正向的调节作用。研究结果丰富了人格特质心理学在工程实践中的应用，为提高施工企业的安全管理水平提供了建议。

A study on the influence of proactive personality on the safety behavior of high-altitude railroad construction workers

To improve the safety behavior of high-altitude railroad construction personnel, from the perspective of personality traits, the proactive personality trait, which is closely related to the work environment, was selected as the antecedent variable, and based on trait activation theory and social identity theory, organizational identity and apprehended social support were introduced as mediating and moderating variables to reveal the mechanism of the role of proactive personality in influencing safety behavior. In order to avoid the influence of common method bias, a phased approach to data collection was adopted, using a mature scale of proactive personality and safety behavior, and a questionnaire survey was conducted with front-line construction personnel in 10 project departments of the high-altitude construction areas of Sichuan-Tibet Railway and Xicheng Railway under construction in Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet, obtaining 308 valid questionnaires; SPSS 22.0 and process v3.3 for common method bias test, validation factor analysis, correlation analysis and hypothesis verification. The results showed that: proactive personality has a significant positive predictive effect on safety behavior of high-altitude railroad construction personnel; organizational identity plays a partially mediating role in the relationship between proactive personality and safety behavior influence; comprehending social support plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between proactive personality and safety behavior influence. The results of the study enrich the application of personality trait psychology in engineering practice and provide suggestions for improving safety management in construction companies.