武汉市区及市郊鸟类多样性初步调查

鸟类多样性变化可以反映环境变化．运用样线法和样点法，于2000年9月至2004年6月对武汉市区及市郊鸟类种类组成和多样性进行了调查．结果共记录鸟类127种，分属于16目49科91属．区系成分具有南北混杂的特点．其Shannon-Wiener指数为6．277，G指数为4．351，F指数为20．261，G-F指数为0、785．各生境类型的多样性指数都较低，但均匀性指数都较高，各生境间的相似性指数较低，比较而言，农田（5．357）和树林（5．737）中鸟类多样性相对较高，农田（0．903）鸟类均匀性指数最高，树林与园林住宅之间相似性系数（0．821）最高．大量候鸟聚集武汉，是研究候鸟迁徙和禽流感等禽源性疾病防控的重要区域．

Biodiversity of Birds in Wuhan Area

Birds are sensitive to environmental changes.Using transect census methods and point count methods,we carried out a comprehensive investigation on the birds diversity in Wuhan area from Sep.2000 to Jun.2004.The recorded 127 species of birds in this area belong to 16 Orders,49 Families and 91 Genera respectively and have both southern and northern zoogeographical faunal characteristics.The Shannon-Wiener index is 6.277,G index is 4.351,F index is 20.261,and G-F index is 0.785 respectively.The biodiversity indexes are low and the evenness indexes are high in all habitats,while the similarity indexes are not high among all habitats.Comparatively,the diversity index in farmland(5.357) and woodland(5.737) is higher than others,the evenness index in farmland(0.903) is the highest,while the similarity index between woodland and gardens and resident area(0.821) is the highest.This study will be a glance to the changes of environment in this area in the past decades.Because of the large number of migrants,this area,undoubtedly,is a very important place to monitor birds migration and birds taking plague,such as bird flu..