斜坡通道双向行人流安全疏散行为研究

斜坡通道中双向行人流的行为动态是研究人群安全疏散的基础.人群密度增加时,行人之间的挤压、冲突作用均增强,加之,斜坡倾角越大,行人行走的稳定性越差,易引发推挤倒地的安全隐患.本文建立斜坡通道中双向行人流的势函数场元胞自动机模型,考虑行人之间作用力和通道倾斜度影响.该模型用于模拟行人流动态和倒地现象.模拟结果得出:当通道坡度、行人入流密度增加时,上坡人群的倒地概率达40%,而下坡人群的倒地概率高达60%.在此基础上,考虑到我国行人偏向右边行走的习惯,以及人群的跟随效应,通过划分两个方向人群的入流位置,将两向行人流分为两股互不干扰的行人流,从而解决行人之间的挤压与冲突,并通过模拟验证该策略可避免倒地现象发生.

Study on safety evacuation behavior for counter flow on an inclined tunnel

Pedestrian dynamics of counter flow on an inclined tunnel is a base of the safety evacuation research. With increasing of crowd density, the pushing forces and the conflicts among pedestrians could be increased, besides, the slope of ramp restricts the stability of walkers. Hence, these elements easily result in potential stampede accidents, which are also the premises of the proposed potential field cellular automata model of counter flow. This model is used to simulate the dynamics of crowd and the falling phenomena. The conclusions of numerical results show that the falling rate of uphill walking pedestrians could be 40% of the whole pedestrians, and the falling rate of downhill walking pedestrian could reach 60% of the whole pedestrians, with the increasing of the ramp angle and the entrance density of the pedestrian. Finally, to consider that right-moving preference behavior of Chinese, and the following effect in crowd, we introduce a segregating strategy to prevent the falling stampede accidents. This strategy is to divide the entering location of two pedestrian groups, and to ensure that two groups would not be obstructed by each other. This strategy could effectively prevent the falling accidents, which is verified by numerical simulations.