换热器至初馏塔管线的阻尼减振技术应用研究

针对某化工厂分馏装置换热器至初馏塔管道的振动超标问题，利用ANSYS有限元软件建立管道模型并计算其模态，利用Fluent进行流体脉动CFD仿真分析，探讨管线振动的根本原因；将阻尼减振技术应用到管线振动控制中，采用SAP2000软件进行阻尼减振模拟，探讨阻尼器的参数选择以及施加阻尼前后管道的振动情况。在管道相应位置安装黏滞型阻尼器，使管道振动幅值降低90%以上。研究结果表明：管道内流体的脉动冲击产生的激振力频率与管道的某阶固有频率接近从而发生共振，这是管道振动的主要原因；黏滞型阻尼器可以在设备不停机的情况下有效地吸收振动能量，控制管道的振动，同时不会改变管道的原有支撑结构，也不会引起临近管线的振动，保障设备的安全稳定运行。

Reduction of the damping vibration in a pipeline connecting the heat exchanger to a primary tower

Excessive vibration of the pipeline connecting the heat exchanger to the primary distillation tower causes significant problems in a chemical plant. In this work, the ANSYS finite element software was used to establish the pipeline model and calculate its mode. CFD simulation analysis of fluid pulsation was carried out by Fluent, and the root cause of pipeline vibration was analyzed. Damping technology was employed to control the vibration of the pipeline, and SAP2000 software was used to simulate the vibration damping. The parameters of the damper and the vibration of the pipeline before and after the application of damping are discussed. A viscous damper installed in the optimum position in the pipeline reduced the vibration amplitude of the pipeline by more than 90%. The results show that the frequency of the exciting force produced by the pulsating impact of the fluid in the pipeline is close to the natural frequency of a certain order of the pipeline, and thus resonance occurs, which is the main reason for the vibration of the pipeline. The viscous damper can effectively absorb the vibration energy and control the vibration of the pipeline without stopping the equipment. At the same time, it does not change the original supporting structure of the pipeline, nor cause vibration of an adjacent pipeline, thus ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment.