纵向一体化前后上游R&D投资的比较

市场上存在一个上游和一个下游企业,上游企业通过R&D可降低产品成本.本文研究上游企业的R&D投资和下游企业的产品产量随纵向一体化的变动情况.研究表明,纵向一体化之后,上游企业的R&D投资、下游企业的产品产量、行业利润、消费者剩余和社会总福利均增加.在纵向一体化之前,上游企业的R&D投资和下游企业的产品产量较少的原因是它们作出决策时没有考虑对方的利润.最后以一个特例对研究结果作进一步说明.

Comparisons of the upstream R&D expenditures between vertical integration and non integration

There are an upstream and a downstream firm in the market. Theupstrea m firm can reduce its product's cost through R&D. This paper studies how the ups tream R&D expenditure and the downstream output vary with vertical integration. It is shown that, after the vertical integration, the upstream R&D expenditure, the downstream output, the industry profit, the consumer's surplus and the socia l welfare are all increased. Before the vertical integration, the lack of the up stream R&D expenditure and the downstream output attributes to that the upstream decision does not take into account the downstream profit and vice versa. A spe cial example is given to further demonstrate the results of this paper.