考虑发电商差异与奖惩的增强型可再生能源配额制设计与仿真

我国可再生能源配额制经历了从发电侧向售配电侧的转变,这种转变是否有利于构建新型电力系统,如何进一步优化该模式？为解决这些问题,分别建立了不同责任主体的配额制模型,分析了多种情景下市场价格和收益的变化情况,并设计了一种计及发电商差异、考虑奖惩的增强型配额制。构建了用于反映不同发电商绿色证书获取数量的综合评价指标,并通过衡量当期配额目标的完成情况对售电商给予惩罚与奖励。建立了博弈模型并采用逆向归纳法进行仿真,结果表明：售配电侧配额制优于发电侧配额制,增强型配额制的奖惩政策存在壁垒,但合理设置可以促进可再生能源消纳,实现良性发展。

Design and simulation of an enhanced renewable portfolio standard considering generator differences and incentives or penalties

China''s renewable portfolio standards (RPS) has experienced a shift from the generation side to the sales and distribution side. Is this shift conducive to build novel power system and how to further optimize this model? To address these issues, a RPS model for different responsible entities was developed. The changes of market prices and revenues under various scenarios were analyzed. An enhanced RPS system that accounts for generator differences and considers incentives and penalties was designed. The evaluation index was constructed to reflect the number of tradable green certificate (TGC) acquired by different generators. The completion of the RPS target was measured to penalize or reward the electricity sellers. A game model was developed and simulated by using the inverse induction method. The results show that the RPS system on the sales and distribution side is better than the system on the generation side. Although there are barriers to the incentive and penalty policies of the enhanced quota system, reasonable settings can promote renewable energy consumption and achieve benign development.