融合航摄影像与地面照片三维重建技术在考古中的应用

随着摄影测量与三维建模技术的快速发展,三维数字化重建已成为当前考古研究及文物保护的重要途径。由于考古遗址通常占地面积较大而细部结构复杂精细,单一的数据采集手段很难满足建模需要。以广西桂林靖江王陵为研究对象,介绍了影像建模的原理,同时从数据采集的范围、效率入手对无人机倾斜摄影与地面拍照两种数据采集方式进行了分析,提出了航摄影像与地面照片自动融合的三维数字化重建方法。最后通过与高精度三维扫描仪获取的点云数据进行同名点精度检验,分析了获取的模型点云精度。结论表明,该三维建模方法具有全面、快速、高精度的特点,对于考古研究及文化遗产的保护具有重要的意义。

Application of three-dimensional reconstruction technologycombining aerial photography and ground photography in archaeology

With the rapid development of photogrammetry and three-dimensional modeling technology, three-dimensional digital reconstruction has become an important approach to archaeological research and cultural relics protection. Because archaeological historic site usually cover a large area and have complex and detailed structures, a single data acquisition method is difficult to meet the modeling needs. This paper takes Jing jiang Mausoleum in Guilin, Guangxi as the research object, introduces the principle of image modeling, and analyzes two data acquisition methods of UAV oblique photography and ground photography from the perspective of data collection scope and efficiency, and proposes a three-dimensional digital reconstruction method of automatic fusion of aerial photography and ground photography. Finally, the point cloud accuracy of the model obtained in this study was analyzed by verifying the point cloud accuracy of the same name with the point cloud data obtained by the high-precision three-dimensional scanner.The results show that the method is comprehensive, rapid and accurate, and is of great significance for archaeological research and the protection of cultural heritage