基于多源遥感的淮南矿区土地利用/覆盖变化分析

综合利用多源遥感数据，采用面向对象影像分析和目视解译相结合的方法进行淮南矿区2007、2010、2013、2016、2019五个年份的土地利用/覆盖解译，通过对各土地利用/覆盖类型面积及其占比的统计、动态度、多样性指数、利用程度指数及转移矩阵的计算，对2007~2019年间淮南矿区的土地利用/覆盖时空变化特征进行分析，结果表明：（1）淮南矿区耕地面积及其占比不断下降，大量耕地被破坏，形成积水沉陷，其次为城镇及工矿用地，并被固体废弃物所侵占；（2）各种土地利用/覆盖类型动态度大小排序依次为积水沉陷区>湖泊水库>固体废弃物>工矿用地>林地>裸地>城镇用地>道路>耕地>农村居民地，说明煤矿开采活动对矿区土地利用影响较大；（3）各矿井土地利用/覆盖类型受到人类活动的干扰，土地利用多样性指数和土地利用程度指数均有所增加。

Analysis of land use change in Huainan Mining Area Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing

Comprehensive use of multi-source remote sensing data, the method of combining object-oriented image analysis and visual interpretation was used to interpret the land use or cover of Huainan mining area in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019. Through the calculation of statistics, dynamic degree, diversity index, utilization degree index and transfer matrix for each land use or cover type area and its proportion, the spatial and temporal change characteristics of land use or cover in Huainan mining area between 2007 and 2019 were analyzed. The results illustrated that: (1) The area and proportion of cultivated land in Huainan mining area has been declining continuously, a large number of cultivated land were destroyed, resulting in soil erosion, followed by urban and industrial land, and occupied by solid waste. (2) The order of dynamic degree of all land use or cover types was waterlogging subsidence area > lake reservoir > solid waste > industrial and mining land > forest land > bare land > urban land > road > cultivated land > rural residential land, indicating that coal mining activities have a great impact on land use in mining areas. (3) All mine land use or cover types were disturbed by human activities, and the land use diversity index and land use degree index increased.