人的发展:一个现象学阐释——在通向马克思哲学革命的途中

现象学方法可以引领我们更为恰当地进入人的发展——这一马克思哲学的主要问题域。首先,作为人的独特存在方式,实践所具有的"活动……出来"的品格,使人的发展得以可能。其次,实践"活动……出来"的品格使"社会"作为人的存在的敞开前来照面,实践辩证法成为人的发展的历史中介。由此,人的发展和社会发展成为一而二、二而一的问题。人与其社会关系的和解也随之成为人的发展的判别尺度。最后,"分工"作为人的存在分裂的历史形式,具有鲜明的哲学意蕴。它在推动人的发展的同时,也造成了人的异化命运。消灭自发形成的分工,是实现个人自由而全面发展的必经之路。

A Phenomenological Interpretation to Human Development——On the way to the revolutionary Marxist philosophy

Phenomenological method can lead us into human development which is a major problem in Marxist philosophy. First of all, why human development can be possible？ It is the reason that Praxis which is the unique existence as a human being contains the character of generating. Secondly, the generating charac-ter of Praxis open human beings＇＂ social＂ as its history developing. As a result, the development of human be-ing and the development of a society become a same problem. The reconciliation of the person and his or her social relations will become a scale of human development. Finally, the division of labor as the historical forms of human existence in its historical developing receives distinctive philosophical implication. The division of la-bor promoted the development of human, while it also caused alienation. Elimination of the spontaneously formed division of labor is the only way to achieve human beings＇freedom and comprehensive development.